What is the prioritization order in a use-of-force continuum for OC spray deployment?

• A. Verbal commands only.
• B. Distance creation, then de-escalation, then chemical incapacitation.
• C. Verbal/psycho-social de-escalation, distance and barrier creation, and if needed, chemical incapacitation as a proportionate response.
• D. Immediate chemical incapacitation as a first response.

Answer: (C)

The idea being tested is how OC spray is applied within a use-of-force approach: start with communication to de-escalate, then create space to reduce risk, and only then use the spray if it’s a proportionate means to gain control. Beginning with verbal and psycho-social de-escalation gives the opportunity to resolve the situation without force, using calm commands, listening, and appropriate tone to influence behavior. If that doesn’t resolve the threat, the next step is to increase distance and establish barriers. Creating space reduces exposure for everyone involved and buys time to assess risk and gain control more safely. If the person remains resistant or poses an imminent danger after de-escalation and distance have been attempted, chemical incapacitation is used—but only as a proportionate response. This means employing OC spray to achieve a temporary, targeted incapacitation that helps regain control while aiming to minimize harm. Immediate chemical incapacitation or skipping de-escalation would bypass protections designed to resolve situations safely and ethically, which is why this sequence best fits responsible use-of-force practice.